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Blockchain meetup sponsored by Empirica, Wroclaw

Monday June 19th a beautiful sunny day in IT-friendly Wroclaw, tech start-ups and cryptocurrency enthusiast gather together at IT corner Tech meetup, sponsored by Empirica.

The event was planned to focus on key areas of current trends in Blockchain and Ethereum.

The event began with Mr Wojciech Rokosz, Ardeo CEO presentation. The session was dedicated to introduction to the economics of token. Explaining the new changes and updates we are and we will face in our economy with this huge entrance of virtual currencies.

The event later carried on with Mr Marek Kotewicz on introduction to Blockchain, Bitcoin and Ethereum. The session was summarizing the differences between Bitcoin and Ethereum.

The third and last part of the event was conducted with Mr Tomek Drwga, Blockchain meetup organizer,  diving deeper into smart contracts and programming ( introduction to Solidity) for Ethereum.

The event ended with open discussion between the audience and speakers, and visitors were served with beverages.

 

 

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The evolution in ERC20 and the era of ERC223

The ever-evolving Ethereum Blockchain brought to Cryptocurrency and ICO investors a new gift, the ERC223, a new standard for tokens created on Ethereum. Until now, the newly created tokens on Ethereum public Blockchain should have followed the ERC20 convention. This, by all means, was a huge success and relief for both token owners and investors of that token. ERC20 makes sure the behavior of the token on Ethereum is standard with a defined typical list of rules. The ERC223 is an improvement of the ERC20 protocol and is backward compatible with ERC20, meaning every wallet and software that supports ERC20 works with ERC223. So to get a better picture of this improvement, maybe it’s better to break down how these tokens are created, and let’s start with the ERC20 tokens.

ERC20 and how do such tokens are created? 

ERC20 protocol allows token owners and developers to create a token that complies with common, essential behavioral rules. The standard is popular now, especially among ICO investors and their communities. Thanks to ERC20, investors can be certain that the following statement can be true if the token is ERC20:

  • Technically tokens can be accepted by almost all exchanges
  • Tokens are transferable, and all Ether wallets will automatically store the newly created tokens
  • Transactions using that token are done smoothly

A token is in compliance with ERC20 if the developer of the token contract implements the following interfaces:

  • The token name with the function returns the name of the token.
  • The token symbol with function symbol, it returns the symbol that the token will use.
  • The token decimal places a function that returns the unit8 decimals the token uses.
  • How much the owner wants to start off with: function balanceOf, it returns the account balance.
  • The number of tokens in circulation: function totalSupply, it returns the total token supply.
  • The transfer value: function transfer (address _to, unit256 _value), this function is in charge of the transfer events. the function should revert a transaction if the sending account _from does not have sufficient balance.
  • The transfer from: function transferFrom, this function is used for withdrawal workflow, it allows contracts on the Blockchain to transfer tokens on the token holder’s behalf.
  • The crediting permission function allowance (address _owner, address _spender), it returns the amount which the buyer (_spender) is allowed to withdraw from the owner (_owner).
  • The events: with function transfer (address indexed _from, address indexed _to, unit256 _value) its triggered when a token has been successfully transferred and function approval (address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, unit 256 _value) this must trigger on any successful call.

What did ERC223 add to ERC20, and what are the advantages?

Initially, the idea of ERC223 came to play when the number of lost tokens on Ethereum Blockchain went skyrocketing, this was due to the lack of possibility to handle incoming transactions. Ethereum Blockchain is a leading network for a number of lost tokens. The top 8 ERC20 contracts with losses will come up to approximately 3 million USD worth of tokens. how does this happen? once an ERC20 token is sent to a contract that is not designed to work with that ERC20 token, the contract will not reject the tokens because the contract does not recognize an incoming transaction. Consequently, the token will get stuck in that contract balance. ERC223 will allow users to only send their tokens to either wallet or contracts with the same transfer function, preventing the token’s loss. ERC223 introduces the function transfer (address _to, unit _value, bytes _data). This function transfers tokens by invoking the function tokenFallback in _to, only if _to is a contract. This will allow the smart contract to handle sent tokens actively. Whereas when an ERC20 token is transferred, the token contract is not notifying the receiver that the transfer has occurred, to that end, the address receiver has no possibility to handle the incoming transaction and, therefore, no way to reject not supported tokens.

A seamless token transfer is another advantage of ERC223 over ERC20. An ERC20 transaction between a regular (not a contract) and a contract are two different transactions. These two functions need to be triggered, first, the approve function on the token contract and later the transferForm on the other contract (the receiver). ERC223 has addressed this more efficiently by allowing to use of the same transfer function. ERC223 could be sent by only calling the transfer function on the token contract with no if the receiver is a regular wallet address or a contract. Due to this shortcut, another advantage that ERC223 has is the gas cost, ERC233 consumes almost half as much as an ERC token.

So as discussed above, ERC223 advantages over ERC20 come down to the following points:

  • provides a possibility to prevent accidentally losing tokens
  • Allows users to transfer tokens anywhere (owned address or contract) using one function
  • allows contract developers to manage incoming transactions, contract developers could implement contracts in a way that only works with some specific incoming tokens and handle them in a specific way which could also each token could be handled in a specific way.
  • ERC223 consumes almost half gas as ERC20

Currently is not possible to upgrade the existing ERC20 token contract to ERC223, but if you are planning to create your own, maybe it’s a good idea to go with ERC223.

Learn more about different types of cryptocurrencies. Here you will find an article about the details of the Ethereum blockchain. and Ethereum merge.

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Ethereum

WHAT IS ETHEREUM?

Dapps are computer applications that eliminate the need for intermediaries in any present centralized service by enabling anybody to rely upon an anonymous counterpart to execute the most varied kinds of agreements and deals at a 100% electronic method.

In Ethereum, programmers may also write business logic and arrangements in the kind of smart contracts, which can be implemented automatically when their requirements are satisfied by both parties and educated to the community. These contracts may save information, send and receive trades and also interact with different contracts, irrespective of any controller.

At first, the expression “smart contract” was used to describe using computer systems (or other automatic methods) that aimed to influence particular agreements.

As an illustration of a clever mechanical arrangement, we could mention a machine that sells soft drinks or snacks. When you put a coin or note on those machines, a computer system programmed to spot the amount received along with the selected product enforces an arrangement between the customer and the machine operator, executing an automatic purchase.

The dapps and intelligent contracts operate from the Ethereum blockchain, which had its first architecture conceived by a young Russian genius in the time in the age of 19, called Vitalik Buterin, who picked the subsequent name due to his white paper: “Ethereum: A Platform of smart contracts along with next generation decentralized software.”

From “second generation,” Buterin describes the instruments added to his creation that, in theory, can resolve easily and objectively several bitcoin’s blockchain constraints and thus usher in stage 2.0 of their cryptocurrencies.

Everyone can upload programs or smart contracts into the Ethereum network. The platform development group sought to make everything as straightforward as possible to amplify accessibility to technologies.

As an application programmer, you may need anti-virus infrastructure to install and install your own applications. Anything which may be represented mathematically could be mimicked, ensured, and exchanged through Ethereum. Once being written in a programming language approved by the stage, just upload the code onto the stage, fill in the first variables, and ship. Following that, the task becomes the stage, which within a couple of seconds, converts the code into machine language, compiled in bytecode, and afterward mined, it’ll have the ability to run.

Once uploaded, the arrangement is going to be saved from the blockchain, and other customers will have the ability to get it directly via the system or via any API (Application Programming Interface) designed to get it. Because of this, the arrangement, depending on the identification of these terms established inside, will automatically meet the assumptions specified there and may, as an instance, ship or receive numbers from 1 individual to another.

Additionally, like bitcoin, with that, you don’t need to rely upon a lender or central ability to maintain your fiscal funds protected; from Ethereum your private data, identity and capital will also be under your control at all times, given inside your wallet. And, of course, that their software is also protected from denial of service attacks because of the nature of its technologies.

What’s Ethereum good for?

Most of the services we use today have one factor in common: they’re centralized. So, for example, you hope that your bank can keep your money secure and be audited independently and honestly.

The same goes with Facebook when you carry an image of your kids, once you send a document to Dropbox, or even once you go to an appointment in the hospital and enroll in the health network for your personal medical advice. If you work as a developer, you have to file your application to a program shop, and you risk getting it removed for the most trivial and varied reasons.

History has continuously shown this centralized model is flawed but essential to ensure confidence levels between counterparts. Nonetheless, this is complex and too costly for everyone involved.

Remember that everything centralized makes it easier to strike because it provides one Purpose for a goal, including a website firewall.

Applications built on Ethereum don’t require your customers to trust developers with personal information or money. Back in Ethereum, your personal information remains yours your funds remain yours and your articles stay yours. Because it is decentralized, its most important benefits are that it is a transparent, hackerproof system that’s constantly live.

Since Ethereum permits you to start your own currency, you can make any kind of company stock on the stage or represent ownership of any object, such as a car or a house.

You can think of this as a programmable dispersed system. The fact that Ethereum is, by its very design, resistant to fraud and adulteration means that it offers a fresh range of solutions to the daily problems which are currently solved at exorbitant costs. Voting machines, domain registration, registration of legal records, medical applications, transfer of goods, services, smart property and contracts between individuals, standing systems, and financial derivatives. All these programs can be produced on a network where users keep track of their funds and individual data constantly.

A DAO is composed of a couple of contracts and could be funded by a group of individuals with similar notions. A DAO operates completely independently and transparent of any human intervention, for example its original creators. A DAO will stay in the community as long as it covers its survival costs and supplies a useful service to its customer base.

Ethereum also allows programmers to create, for example, different decentralized markets, shop debt documents or guarantees of payments, transfer funds according to previous instructions (for instance, a Purchase / sell purpose or a prospective contract), and several other items which have been Devised, all this automatically, without an intermediary or counterparty risk.

Learn more about different types of cryptocurrencies here and here about ERC20 and ERC223 standards. Here is our take on the Ethereum merge.

About us

Empirica is a Wrocław-based company that supports many local IT initiatives. Empirica offers solutions such as Cryptocurrency Algorithmic Trading Software implemented by major institutional investors in Poland, market makingwealth management software framework, crypto trading bots, and cryptocurrency software development for companies from capital and cryptocurrency markets.

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